Yılankale, Medieval castle ruin in Ceyhan, Turkey
Yılankale is a castle ruin standing on a limestone ridge above the Ceyhan River with multiple defensive towers spread across three distinct sections. The upper section contains remains of an Armenian chapel with visible architectural details still preserved in the stonework.
Armenian builders constructed this fortress in the early 12th century under the reign of King Leo I of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. This period marked a time of regional growth and architectural development in the area.
The name Yılankale comes from a local tradition about serpents living in the stone crevices of the structure. This name remains part of everyday speech in the Ceyhan area today.
Reaching the site requires climbing a steep rocky path that demands physical effort and careful footing. Sturdy footwear is essential, and weather conditions can change how accessible different sections of the ruin become.
The gatehouse features a stone relief carved with a seated king flanked by two lions, possibly depicting either King Het'um I or Het'um II. This rare carving offers insight into how rulers of the Armenian kingdom displayed their power through images.
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