Yamada Castle, 13th century gusuku fortress in Onna, Japan.
Yamada Castle is a limestone fortress atop a hill with zigzagging walls and two inner courtyards. The ruins reveal the structural design of a medieval gusuku and command views across the Okinawan landscape.
The fortress was built in the 13th century and served as a military base until 1422. General Gosamaru then dismantled portions of it to construct Zakimi Castle after his victory at Nakijin.
The fortress displays construction methods from the Ryukyu Kingdom through its traditional stone placement and defensive layout. The wall arrangement tells of the military tactics that shaped this region's past.
The ruins are open to visitors and feature informational displays about medieval military tactics and construction techniques. Wear sturdy shoes as the terrain is uneven and involves some climbing.
The stones from this fortress were transported south to build another stronghold, creating a direct physical link between two monuments. This reuse shows how valuable resources were in medieval Okinawa.
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