Paranal Observatory

Paranal Observatory is an astronomical observatory in Antofagasta Province, northern Chile, sitting on an isolated peak in the Atacama Desert. The site holds several white dome structures that stand out against the clear desert sky and are connected by paved roads to the base camp below.

The European Southern Observatory selected the site in the early nineties because of the clear air and low light pollution. The facility began operations in the late nineties and has expanded its capabilities with additional instruments since then.

The name Paranal comes from the nearby Cerro Paranal mountain that rises above the site. Visitors can join weekend tours to see the domes up close while astronomers prepare instruments for nighttime work.

Reservations for the free tours must be made several weeks ahead online because spots fill quickly. Access is limited to weekends only, and the drive from the nearest town takes about an hour over unpaved desert roads.

The living quarters for scientists are built entirely underground to keep out the heat and avoid disturbing the night sky view. The exterior facade of this underground facility was used as a villain hideout in a James Bond film.

Location: Antofagasta Province

Official opening: April 1, 1999

Elevation above the sea: 2,635 m

Website: https://eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory

GPS coordinates: -24.62722,-70.40417

Latest update: December 12, 2025 18:21