Anchieta Museum, Historical museum in central São Paulo, Brazil

The Anchieta Museum is a history museum in downtown São Paulo that collects religious art spanning several centuries. Six exhibition rooms display sculptures, paintings, and other objects that reflect the development of the city and the people who lived there.

The Jesuits Manuel da Nóbrega and José de Anchieta founded the Colégio de São Paulo de Piratininga on 25 January 1554, building their first chapel on this spot. The site later served as a school, hospital, residence of captains-general, church and education secretariat before becoming a museum. The present building dates from 1974 and follows 19th-century architecture.

The museum displays works that document the relationship between Jesuits and indigenous populations in the region. The collection allows visitors to understand how different cultures met and interacted during the early centuries of settlement.

The museum faces Praça do Pátio do Colégio, the square marking the city's founding point in the historic centre, a short walk from central metro and bus lines. The building dates from 1974 and follows 19th-century architectural references. Allow time to see the 16th-century rammed-earth wall in the inner courtyard, kept for study.

In the museum courtyard, a wall of rammed earth mixed with whale oil survives from the 16th-century construction. According to the sources, it was made by Father Afonso Brás and kept in place for study. It is among the oldest built remains in São Paulo.