Memorial dos Povos Indígenas, Indigenous peoples' museum in Brasília, Brazil.

The Memorial dos Povos Indígenas is a cultural museum in Brasília dedicated to the history and present-day life of Brazil's Indigenous peoples. It houses a collection of objects, artworks, and documents that document the diversity and heritage of these communities.

The building was completed in 1987 with funding from the Fundação Banco do Brasil on land donated by Terracap, but governor José Aparecido de Oliveira turned it into the Museu de Arte Moderna de Brasília instead. Indigenous leaders and anthropologists campaigned for its original purpose, and the space was later used to hold the body of Galdino Jesus dos Santos in 1997. It reopened definitively as the Memorial dos Povos Indígenas on 16 April 1999, with 55 Alto Xingu Indigenous people led by chief Aritana Yawalapiti.

The building's round form follows the yano, the collective round malocas of the Yanomami, and is compared to a modernist taba. At the 1999 reopening, 55 Alto Xingu Indigenous people led by chief Aritana Yawalapiti held a ritual so the building would belong to all Brazilian peoples. In 1997 the body of Galdino Jesus dos Santos was laid out here.

The museum stands on the Monumental Axis between the JK Memorial and Praça do Buriti, facing the Distrito Federal Legislative Chamber. It is in the Civic-Administrative Zone, not in Sudoeste e Octogonal. The building was closed for long stretches before reopening on 16 April 1999, so confirm current opening days before travelling.

The building's round plan follows the yano, the collective round houses of the Yanomami. In 1987 the pajés Sapaim Kamaiurá and Preporí Cayabi performed a protection ritual invoking the spirit Mamaé Catuité; in 1995 Sapaim was called back to withdraw it. In 1997 the body of Galdino Jesus dos Santos, murdered in Brasília, was laid out here.