Pearl and Hermes Atoll, Protected atoll in Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, United States.

Pearl and Hermes Atoll is a coral reef system in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, about 2,090 km northwest of Honolulu and 140 km east-southeast of Midway Atoll. It has roughly 32 hectares of land spread over five low, flat islets and almost 80,937 hectares of reef habitat. The fringing reef is about 69 km in circumference and open to the west.

The name comes from two English whaling ships, the Pearl and the Hermes, which ran aground on the reef in 1822 and rescued their crews. The vessels were lost but the discovery brought the atoll into maritime awareness and eventually led to its protection as part of a national marine monument in 2006.

The atoll lies within Papahānaumokuākea, a name that reflects Hawaiian understanding of the connection between ocean depths and land. Native Hawaiian oral traditions view these remote reefs as resting places for ancestors and as a sacred extension of the island chain.

Visits require a special permit from conservation authorities and can only be reached by private vessel or organized research expeditions. No infrastructure exists on the islands, so travelers must be completely self-sufficient and bring all supplies and equipment with them.

The atoll's Hawaiian name, Holoikauaua, was conferred in the late 1990s by the Hawaiian Lexicon Committee, which restored traditional names that had been lost or replaced; it refers to the Hawaiian monk seal that frequents these waters. The committee chose a new name because the atoll's original Hawaiian name was not known.