Sonoran Desert National Monument

Sonoran Desert National Monument spans three mountain ranges filled with extensive saguaro cactus forests. This is one of the most biologically varied desert environments in North America, home to many specialized plants and animals adapted to the arid conditions.

A Spanish colonial expedition led by Juan Bautista de Anza established a campsite here in 1775. This early European presence represents a significant moment when explorers first documented the resources and routes through the desert region.

Archaeological sites throughout the monument tell the story of indigenous peoples and Spanish settlers who lived here for centuries. Walking the historic trails, you encounter remnants of their presence in the landscape.

Bring plenty of drinking water and stick to marked trails throughout your visit. Summer heat can exceed 110°F (43°C), so plan ahead with proper hydration and sun protection to stay safe.

Rainfall here follows two distinct seasons: winter and late summer, an unusual pattern for desert regions. This double rainy season creates the perfect conditions for the dense saguaro cactus populations you see throughout the monument.