Parc national marin de Fernando de Noronha, Brazilian national park.

The Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park consists of volcanic peaks rising from an underwater chain, covering nearly 70 percent of the main island, 21 islands and islets, and adjacent waters. Created by federal decree on 14 September 1988, it spans 10,927 hectares and is managed by ICMBio. The park protects the only examples of insular Atlantic forest and oceanic mangrove in the South Atlantic.

The archipelago was listed in the 1980 World Conservation Strategy as a high-priority area for conservation. In 1982 a 70-hectare biological reserve was created, and in 1985 the national parks department began assessing a national park. Decree 96.693 established the park on 14 September 1988, after public pressure and the archipelago's transfer to Pernambuco state reduced the influence of governor Fernando Mesquita, who opposed protection.

The park's name honours Fernão de Noronha, the Portuguese explorer who received the archipelago as a hereditary captaincy in 1504. The reserve is also associated with the Rocas Atoll Biological Reserve, about 150 km to the west, and both were declared a Ramsar wetland of international importance on 25 January 2018. The park is managed by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio).

The park is administered by ICMBio, and its management plan was revised on 29 November 2010. The terrestrial part excludes the village of Vila dos Remédios, the morros Meio and Pico, the airport and some inhabited areas of the north-west coast. The marine zone reaches depths of 200 to 1,000 metres and includes a coral reef.

The Rocas Atoll, part of the same protected complex about 150 km west of Fernando de Noronha, is an elliptical reef with two small islands. At low tide its lagoons and tidal pools fill with fish, crustaceans, sponges, molluscs and corals, a sight few visitors connect with the main island park.