Völkerkunde-Museum der J. und E. v. Portheim-Stiftung, Ethnographic museum in Heidelberg, Germany.

The Volkerkundemuseum der J. und E. v. Portheim-Stiftung is an ethnographic museum in Heidelberg housing a collection of over 40,000 artifacts, photographs, and documents representing cultures from Asia, Africa, and Oceania. The institution presents these diverse holdings in a systematic way, allowing visitors to explore objects from different origins and time periods.

The museum was founded in 1919 when Victor Goldschmidt established the Josefine and Eduard von Portheim Foundation for Science and Art. This founding made it possible to assemble a collection of non-European objects and make them available to the public.

The museum's name honours Josefine and Eduard von Portheim, whose foundation Victor Goldschmidt set up in 1919. Sri Lankan ritual and theatre masks from the collection served as props for the Hessian Broadcasting television film "Ceylon-Legenden" in 1964. Since 2023 director Alban von Stockhausen has opened the house to families and young people, with app-based tours and participatory visible storage.

The museum occupies the Palais Weimar at Hauptstraße 235 in Heidelberg's old town. The Asmat annex, added in 1984, now hosts temporary exhibitions and events. The garden above the arcades at Neckarmünzplatz holds a magnolia tree listed as a natural monument, and the museum's boat collection is displayed in the arcades below.

A magnolia tree grows in the museum garden and is legally protected as a natural monument, making it a rare plant for the region. Visitors typically notice this tree immediately when they leave the exhibition space, and it provides a quiet botanical element to the visit.