Niger, Republic in West Africa
Niger is a landlocked country in West Africa, stretching from the Sahara in the north to the Sahel belt in the south. The territory includes vast desert areas and savanna landscapes near the river that gives the nation its name.
The region belonged to several West African empires, including the Songhai Empire, until French colonial forces arrived in the late 19th century. The country gained independence in 1960 and has since experienced several political transitions.
Hausa, Zarma-Songhai, and Tuareg communities form the main population groups, each preserving distinct languages, dress traditions, and ceremonial practices across different regions of the territory.
Travel requires preparation due to climate conditions and limited infrastructure outside the capital. The dry season from November to March offers more comfortable temperatures and better conditions for overland journeys.
The dinosaur fossils at Gadoufaoua in the Ténéré region rank among the richest Cretaceous reptile sites in Africa. Scientists have identified several new species there, including the plant-eating Ouranosaurus.
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