Yumuktepe, Archaeological mound in Mersin, Turkey.
Yumuktepe is an archaeological mound in Mersin containing 23 distinct layers of settlement that reveal continuous human occupation from 6300 BCE to medieval times. The layers are stacked upon each other, documenting unbroken settlement at this location over thousands of years.
British archaeologist John Garstang conducted the first excavations from 1936 to 1938, discovering a Neolithic settlement that extended through multiple historical periods. His work established the foundation for understanding the long occupation history of this location.
The site shows traces of early ways of life, including remains of domesticated animals such as sheep, cattle, goats, and pigs from ancient settlements. These finds offer insight into how people lived and what they raised for food thousands of years ago.
The mound is located within Mersin's urban area and is accessible to visitors interested in archaeological remains. Guided tours and explanations help visitors understand the different layers and the items found at the site.
The excavations revealed one of the earliest copper furnaces and fortification systems dating to 4500 BCE, marking significant progress in human technology. These findings show that people at this location were already experimenting with advanced crafting techniques and defensive structures.
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