Sikaram Sar, Mountain summit on the Afghanistan–Pakistan border, Spin Ghar range
Sikaram Sar is a mountain summit in the Spin Ghar range that forms a natural border between Afghanistan and Pakistan. The peak dominates the landscape with its steep terrain and is surrounded by settlements on its slopes.
In 1878, during the Second Anglo-Afghan War, British forces defeated Afghan troops and seized the Peiwar Kotal pass on the mountain's slope. The following year, British surveyor George Batley Scott climbed Sikaram while surveying Afghanistan. The pass connects Afghanistan's Paktia Province with Kurram District in Pakistan.
Mountain villages scattered across the slopes maintain traditional ways of living closely tied to the land. Residents practice agriculture and herding, skills passed down through generations in this remote region.
Sikaram Sar rises to 4,755 m on the Afghanistan–Pakistan border, south of the Kabul River and Khyber Pass. Temperatures at the top can drop below 0 °C at any time of year, so cold-weather gear is needed in every season. Access from the Pakistan side runs through the Kurram District; the Gawi Pass, or Peiwar Kotal, links the Kurram Valley with Afghanistan's Aryub Valley.
Sikaram Sar is the highest point of the Spin Ghar range at 4,755 m, though the Persian-language source gives 4,775 m. Temperatures at the top can drop below 0 °C at any time of year. The small valley on its slope holds the villages of Peiwar, Alizai, Tari Mangal, Narai, Speena Shaga and Khewas.
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