Pichincha Volcano, Stratovolcano in Cordillera Occidental, Ecuador.
Pichincha is a stratovolcano in the Cordillera Occidental, positioned about 7.5 miles (12 kilometers) west of the capital city. The mountain consists of two summits, with the higher one reaching approximately 15,400 feet (4,700 meters) and containing an active crater with fumaroles.
A decisive battle took place on the slopes in May 1822, securing independence for the country. A French expedition worked on one of the summits in the 18th century conducting measurements to determine the shape of Earth.
Early indigenous populations regarded the mountain peaks with ceremonial significance, incorporating the volcano into their religious beliefs and traditional practices.
A cable car system from the city provides access to the lower summit, from where a hiking trail continues. The higher summit requires access from Lloa village, with more demanding trail conditions and longer approach time.
The capital sits directly below the western flank, making it one of the few major cities worldwide located immediately next to an active volcano. Ash from eruptions can reach city streets, which has happened several times in recent decades.
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