Galán, Volcanic caldera in Catamarca Province, Argentina.
The caldera measures 42 kilometers from north to south and 24 kilometers from east to west, making it one of the largest exposed calderas worldwide.
The volcanic structure formed between 5.6 and 4.51 million years ago, producing multiple ignimbrites known as the Toconquis group across the western region.
Ancient inhabitants established a travel route through the caldera and performed ceremonial offerings at the summit, with an Inka tambo located at Laguna Diamante.
Access requires a four-wheel drive vehicle and local guide, with visitors needing medical clearance and altitude acclimatization before attempting the eight-hour expedition.
The southwestern corner contains Laguna Diamante, a lake where organisms survive extreme conditions including high arsenic levels and intense ultraviolet radiation.
GPS coordinates: -25.99672,-66.90524
Latest update: March 3, 2025 13:36
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