Galán, Volcanic caldera in Catamarca Province, Argentina.
Galán is a massive volcanic caldera in Catamarca Province, representing one of the largest exposed calderas in the world. The formation extends across immense dimensions and displays the structure of a large volcanic system with multiple basins and terrain features.
The caldera formed between 5.6 and 4.51 million years ago as a result of massive volcanic activity in this region. The formation affected the surrounding landscape and left geological features still visible today.
Ancient inhabitants established a travel route through the caldera and performed ceremonial offerings at the summit, with an Inka tambo located at Laguna Diamante.
Visiting requires a four-wheel drive vehicle and a local guide to navigate safely through the area. Visitors should acclimatize to the altitude and be in good physical condition to handle the extended walking and exploration.
In the southwestern area sits Laguna Diamante, a salt lake that exists under extreme conditions. The water contains high arsenic concentrations and faces intense ultraviolet radiation, yet specialized organisms thrive there.
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