Tunupa volcano

Tunupa is a dormant volcano in southwestern Bolivia that rises between the salt flats of Uyuni and Coipasa, forming a peninsula-like landform. The structure shows various volcanic features across its slopes, with evidence of past geological activity visible throughout the area.

The volcano last erupted roughly 1.4 million years ago, leaving behind lava flows and other volcanic deposits. These ancient eruptions shaped the mountain as it appears in the modern landscape.

The mountain holds meaning in Aymara beliefs, where it connects to the origin story of the surrounding salt flats. Local communities view the volcano as a spiritual landmark tied to their understanding of the landscape.

Three small settlements on the southern slopes serve as starting points for visitors exploring the area. Access requires careful planning due to the high altitude and remote location on Bolivia's highland plateau.

The summit area displays extensive hydrothermal changes with varied mineral compositions throughout. These alterations create distinctive geological formations that reveal the volcano's geothermal system remains somewhat active.