Australian Antarctic Territory

The Australian Antarctic Territory is an external territory in East Antarctica that spans longitudes from 44°38'E to 160°E and lies entirely south of 60°S. This area encompasses nine distinct districts including Enderby Land, Kemp Land and Wilkes Land, each with different geographic characteristics spread across a large portion of the continent.

The British Empire transferred control of this Antarctic region to Australia in 1933, creating the largest territorial claim on the continent. This transfer occurred as part of British policy to pass colonial responsibilities to dominions and strengthen Australia's position in the region.

Three permanent research stations - Mawson, Davis, and Casey - support international scientific studies focusing on climate, marine life, and geological research.

The three permanent research stations Mawson, Davis and Casey host a seasonal population that ranges from 80 people in winter to 200 during summer months. Access to this territory is only possible through organized expeditions focused on research or logistical support.

The research stations focus on climate studies, marine life research and geological investigations with international participation. This scientific work takes place under the Antarctic Treaty framework, which promotes peaceful use and scientific cooperation.