Bandera Volcano Ice Cave, Lava tube ice cave in El Malpais National Monument, Cibola County, New Mexico, US
Bandera Volcano Ice Cave, also called Zuni Ice Cave, is a collapsed lava tube in the El Malpais lava field of Cibola County, New Mexico. A broad overhang of dark, rough basalt frames the entrance; inside, a flat pool of pale, milky green-white water fills the floor and recedes into shadow, with blocky rubble piled at the back and bright green algae staining the shallow edges. Interior temperatures range from −1 to 10 °C, and some sections never rise above freezing.
The lava tube formed during an eruption of Bandera Crater between 9,500 and 10,900 years ago, part of the Zuni-Bandera volcanic field. The eruption also left a cinder cone 900 feet (270 m) high, collapse pits, spatter cones and a lava spine, and the lava is of the viscous ʻaʻā type. For years local Indigenous people used the cave to store food.
Local Indigenous people long used the cave to store food, taking advantage of its year-round cold. The cave sits on privately owned land held since the early 1900s, and a nearby commercial ice cave has been developed by the Candelaria Trading Post. The cave is also called Zuni Ice Cave.
Two self-guided trails depart from the Trading Post, with the ice cave route being shorter and the volcano trail being longer for those seeking more walking. Both paths are accessible year-round, and visitors can explore either one or combine them depending on time and energy.
The lava tube formed during the Bandera Crater eruption between 9,500 and 10,900 years ago, one of many basaltic eruptions in the Zuni-Bandera volcanic field. The crater's cinder cone rises 900 feet (270 m) to 8,309 feet above sea level. The eruption also left collapse pits, spatter cones and a lava spine, and the lava is ʻaʻā, more viscous than pāhoehoe.
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