Baku Fortress Wall, Medieval fortress in Baku, Azerbaijan
Baku Fortress Wall is a medieval defensive structure that surrounds the historic center of the city and consists of stone blocks preserved in several sections. The structure features two defensive rows with varying heights and widths that controlled access to the settlement.
The wall was built in the 12th century under the Shirvanshah dynasty and served to control trade routes between sea and mainland. In the early 20th century, rules were put in place to protect the structure from further damage and ensure its repair.
The wall shapes the character of the Old City and shows how the settlement protected its residents across the centuries. The visible stone blocks and bastions speak to the place's importance as a defense line against attacks from sea and land.
The preserved wall sections can be explored on foot and offer different vantage points of the Old City and its surroundings. The best time to visit is early morning or late afternoon, when shadows highlight the structures better.
The wall is not just a defensive structure but also a water reservoir, as its hollow sections collected water during rainy seasons. This dual purpose shows how medieval architects combined practical solutions with military requirements.
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