National Museum of Modern Chinese Literature, Literary museum in Xiaoguan, China.

The National Museum of Modern Chinese Literature is China's first literary museum, founded in 1985 and housed since May 2000 in a building on Wenxueguan Road in Shaoyaoju, Chaoyang District, Beijing. Its name was inscribed by Jiang Zemin, and a C wing was added in 2010. It belongs to the Chinese Writers Association and presents the history of modern and contemporary Chinese literature, its authors and schools.

The museum was founded to document the development of Chinese literature from the late Qing dynasty to the present day. It reflects the major social upheavals and cultural shifts that shaped the 20th century.

The museum displays how Chinese writers developed their craft across generations and what subjects mattered to them. Visitors can see how writing styles and stories differ among authors who lived in different periods.

The museum is located in northeastern Beijing and opens daily from 9:00 to 17:00, closed on Mondays. Guided tours in multiple languages are available, and visitors can explore the exhibition independently or with a guide.

The museum was first proposed by writer Ba Jin in a 1981 article for the Hong Kong newspaper Wen Hui Bao, and it opened on 5 January 1985 in the Wanshou Temple's Xinggong courtyard. The present building in Shaoyaoju opened on 23 May 2000, with its name inscribed by Jiang Zemin; a C wing was added in 2010.