Ein Chardalit, Natural spring in Northern District, Israel
Ein Chardalit is a spring in the Western Galilee that feeds Nahal Kziv, at 177 metres above sea level about 9 km east of Nahariya. Around it grow Mediterranean maquis with katalav trees, holy blackberry and oleander along the stream, large plane trees and ferns.
Water from the spring once ran through channels and aqueducts used by local people for farming and to power a flour mill and a sugar station at Khirbat Manat nearby. Until 1948 another channel carried its water to the Arab village of al-Zib, known in Hebrew as Akhziv.
The name comes from the Mishnah, Eduyot, where Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel debate immersing vessels in a chardalit; Ovadia of Bartenura reads it as water flowing from a mountain's buckets, Rashi as rainwater pouring from a mountain. The spring fed channels and aqueducts that turned a sugar-cane mill at nearby Khirbat Manot and, until 1948, carried water to the Arab village al-Zib, the Hebrew Akhziv.
The spring sits at 177 m above sea level in the Northern District, about 8.8 km east of Nahariya, on terrain that rises steeply to the east. Water from the spring feeds Nahal Kziv, so the streambed and its slopes are the reference points for finding it. The surrounding land is farmland and forest, with other springs and caves in the same area.
The spring's name comes from the Mishnah, in a dispute between Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel over whether vessels may be immersed in a chardalit; Rashi explains it as rainwater rushing down from a mountain. Crusader-era wormwood bushes on the nearby fortress slopes are thought to have been planted as a medicinal herb.
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