Diu Fortress, 16th century Portuguese fortress in Diu district, India

Diu Fortress is a 16th century fortification in Diu district that stretches along the coast with double moats, high stone walls, and several bastions. Cannons positioned on the ramparts face the Arabian Sea, showing how this structure was designed to control the waters.

The Portuguese built this fortress in 1535 following an agreement with a local ruler to secure a strategic position against rival powers. This founding marked the beginning of a long period of Portuguese presence along the Indian coast.

The fort is formally named Fortaleza de São Tomé, and locals also call it the Portuguese Fort. It is listed among the Seven Wonders of Portuguese Origin in the World, a designation that reflects the 424 years of Portuguese rule over Diu, from 1537 until Operation Vijay in December 1961.

The best way to explore the fortress is to arrive early in the day when it is less crowded and the light is better for seeing details on the walls and towers. The paths along the ramparts can be steep and uneven, so good shoes and water are recommended.

The fortress is listed among the Seven Wonders of Portuguese Origin in the World. In 1538 a Turkish fleet of 66 ships and 20,000 soldiers besieged it; only 40 of the 400 Portuguese garrison survived, and the siege lifted when 24 small galleys arrived and were taken for the vanguard of a larger fleet.