Tomb of Annia Regilla, Ancient Roman mausoleum in Valle della Caffarella, Italy

The tomb of Annia Regilla is a brick mausoleum on the via Appia antica, between the second and third mile, measuring 8.16 by 8.57 metres. It stands on a high podium as a two-storey naiskos: a shallow triangular pediment tops the facade, whose three bays are divided by pilasters with Corinthian capitals, and a meander frieze runs at mid-height beneath small windows. The floor between the two levels has collapsed.

Appia Annia Regilla, a Roman noblewoman who owned a large villa in this area, was killed or had her death arranged in Greece in 160 by her husband Herodes Atticus. He transformed her villa and had the cenotaph built near it in her memory in the second half of the 2nd century AD. The brick monument was later admired by Renaissance architects Antonio da Sangallo the Younger and Baldassarre Peruzzi and drawn by Piranesi and Labruzzi.

In the 17th and 18th centuries the building was read, through a misreading of Pliny, as a temple of the god Rediculus, protector of those returning to Rome after long absence; Sextus Pompeius Festus mentions a fanum Redicoli outside Porta Capena. Tradition placed here Hannibal's retreat from Rome after an unfavourable vision. A 1698 mistranslation by Pierre Danet turned the name into Aedicula Ridiculi, the shrine of the god Ridiculous.

The monument stands between the second and third mile of the Via Appia antica, in the Caffarella valley, reached on foot along dirt paths from the Appia Antica park entrances. The interior floor separating the two levels has collapsed, so the upper burial chamber cannot be entered; the exterior is viewed from the path. The south wall, facing the old road linking the Via Appia to the Via Latina, is the most decorated side.

The building was long called the Temple of the god Rediculus, based on a misreading of Pliny: a 1698 translation by the French abbot Pierre Danet turned it into the Aedicula Ridiculi, the shrine of the god Ridiculous. A tradition also held that Hannibal turned back from Rome at this spot, alarmed by an unfavourable vision.