Regio X Palatium, Administrative region of Augustan Rome on Palatine Hill, Italy
Regio X Palatium was an administrative region of ancient Rome centered on the Palatine Hill, containing imperial residences and sacred temples. The area spread across several kilometers and housed the palaces of emperors alongside numerous religious and public structures.
Emperor Augustus divided Rome into fourteen administrative districts in 7 BC, with Regio X created as one of these new divisions. The region remained the center of imperial authority and governance for centuries afterward.
The Temple of Apollo Palatinus served as a major religious center with an attached library for public use. The sacred Lupercal cave and legendary House of Romulus connected this area to Rome's founding stories, making it spiritually significant to residents.
Access to the remains is available through the Palatine archaeological site, where guides can explain the layout and structure. It is helpful to wear comfortable shoes since the site has uneven terrain and some steep sections.
The Domus Flavia and Domus Augustana were separate but adjoining imperial palaces with distinct functions and designs within the region. A sunken garden between them, known as the Hippodrome of Domitian, served as a private retreat accessible only to the emperor and his court.
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