Kyushu

Kyushu is the southwesternmost of Japan's four main islands, extending across a rugged coastline with bays, peninsulas and offshore islets. Volcanic mountains run through the landscape, and plateaus alternate with river valleys and hot spring areas.

During the two Mongol invasion attempts in the 13th century, Japanese forces defended the coastline against foreign fleets. The island later became the first point of contact between Japan and European traders.

Local markets and distilleries produce shochu using traditional methods, with small producers distilling sweet potatoes, rice or barley in family-run operations. Visitors can watch the process and sample regional varieties directly from the makers.

The island's seven prefectures are connected by trains, buses and ferries, with Fukuoka serving as a central hub. Domestic airports in several cities allow quick connections between distant regions.

The Mount Aso caldera in the island's center ranks among the largest in the world, wide enough to contain several small towns and working farms. Active volcanoes rise within this older caldera, and roads cross the floor to reach crater viewpoints.