Bukhansanseong

Bukhansanseong is a hill fortress in Gyeonggi Province with extensive stone walls that wind across the mountainous terrain, featuring multiple gates and hidden passages. The walls form a network of pathways and defensive positions threaded through the rugged landscape.

The fortress was built in 1711 under King Sukjong's rule, several years after invasions threatened the region. It served as a refuge and defensive stronghold during turbulent periods of Korean history.

The name comes from Bukhansan mountain, where Buddhist monks once served as soldiers within the walls. Their presence shaped the spiritual character of the site, which visitors can still sense while walking through the ruins.

The site is accessible from various entry points and can be explored on foot, though sturdy footwear is recommended. Walking the walls and navigating the mountainous terrain requires good physical fitness and care on uneven ground.

Hidden beneath the walls are wells and small reservoirs that allowed the fortress to survive months without external supply. These water systems reveal how carefully defenders planned for prolonged sieges.