Gunung Argopuro, Volcanic mountain in Probolinggo, Indonesia.
Gunung Argopuro is a volcano in Probolinggo district on Java, with its highest point reaching 3,088 meters (roughly 10,130 feet). Deep erosion valleys cut through the massif, dropping more than 1,000 meters (about 3,280 feet) into the older rock.
The volcanic massif has shown no confirmed activity for more than five centuries, with the last suspected eruption dated to 1597. Over time the caldera eroded and several secondary craters formed, now overgrown with vegetation.
The name Argopuro derives from an old Javanese word for a warrior deity, pointing to the mythological weight the mountain carries in the region. Farmers in surrounding villages follow their own planting calendar tied to weather patterns observed along the volcanic cone.
Hiking routes begin in villages west of the mountain and lead through forested sections up to exposed ridgelines. Some trails are steep and unmarked, so a local guide or solid navigation skills help.
Multiple craters lie scattered across the entire massif, forming different elevation belts where distinct plant communities have developed. Mosses and ferns grow between the cones, while higher zones show open grassland.
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