Cacaxtla

Cacaxtla is an archaeological site in the state of Tlaxcala in central Mexico, set on a hilltop overlooking the Tlaxcala valley. The grounds hold a large palace complex with several levels, terraces, courtyards, and staircases that connect different parts of the buildings.

The settlement grew between the 7th and 9th centuries under the rule of the Olmeca-Xicalanca, who controlled important trade routes through the highlands. The power of the city faded after 900 when new groups entered the region and changed the old routes.

The name comes from a Nahuatl word meaning place of merchant baskets, referring to its old function as a trading center. Visitors notice today wall paintings showing figures in jaguar skins and eagle feathers that recall ceremonial rituals.

The complex opens daily from 9 to 17 and admission costs 75 pesos, including access to nearby museums. Because of the altitude and open spaces, sun protection and comfortable shoes are advised for walking between the buildings.

A wall painting at the northern plaza stretches for 26 meters and shows battle scenes between two armed groups with well-preserved red, blue, and yellow colors. The figures wear different clothing and equipment, suggesting separate ethnic origins.