El Azuzul, Archaeological site in Veracruz, Mexico.
El Azuzul is an Olmec site in Veracruz, Mexico, on high ground north of where two old river courses meet, part of the Coatzacoalcos system. Its best-known works are two pairs of monumental sculptures found intact on the south side of the large pyramid-hill: two nearly identical seated human figures, and a jaguar about 1.2 m high, with a 1.6 m jaguar found a few metres to the northeast. A long causeway or dike runs along the waterway.
El Azuzul takes its name from the ranch on which it lies and forms part of the Loma del Zapote complex, a few kilometres south of San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán; its occupation is generally dated to roughly 1100–800 BCE, contemporary with that centre. The four monumental sculptures were found intact on the south side of the large pyramid-hill, apparently undisturbed since they were placed there in Pre-Classic times. The site sits on high ground north of the meeting of two ancient river courses of the Coatzacoalcos system, upstream of the earthworks at Potrero Nuevo.
The two seated figures grasp a ceremonial bar with the right hand under it and the left above, as if raising an axis mundi, the Mesoamerican world tree. Their headdresses were mutilated, probably to erase identifying insignia. Some researchers see the pair as forerunners of the Maya Hero Twins of the Popol Vuh; others call them priests.
The original sculptures are now displayed at the Museum of Anthropology in Xalapa, where they are permanently housed. Visitors need to travel to the city to see these works, since they are no longer at the original location.
The long causeway or dike built along the waterway may have worked as a levee, a wharf, or both; the sources do not settle which. The four statues were found intact on the south side of the large pyramid-hill, apparently untouched since they were placed in Pre-Classic times.
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