Flourmill Volcanoes, Cinder cone in British Columbia, Canada
The Flourmill Volcanoes are a small range of two volcanic centres, Flourmill Centre and Spanish Lake Centre, near the west boundary of Wells Gray Provincial Park in east-central British Columbia. Flourmill Centre, the southernmost, rises 250 m above its base to 1,495 m and consists of three overlapping cinder cones. Spanish Lake Centre, 2.5 km east of Spanish Lake, reaches 1,770 m with an older major cone and two younger parasitic cones.
The two centres, Flourmill and Spanish Lake, erupted about 3,000 years ago, when breached craters sent lava down the south side into the pass between Spanish and Flourmill creeks. The first recorded visit by non-Indigenous people was on 21 May 1874, when Canadian Pacific Surveyor Joseph Hunter and three assistants crossed the Flourmill lava flow; his diary notes the rocky valley floor and water running eastward. In 1963 the volcanoes became a political scandal.
Flourmill Creek was named Four Mile Creek in a 1921 land survey because it met the Clearwater River four miles north of the Mahood confluence. Map-makers changed the letters to Flourmill since British Columbia already had several Four Mile Creeks. The volcanoes took the creek's name, first used in the 1974 edition of Exploring Wells Gray Park.
The volcanoes lie north of Mahood Lake and west of the Clearwater River, near the west boundary of Wells Gray Provincial Park; the nearest settlements are along Highway 97. The lava beds extend about 15 km down the Spanish Creek valley, up to 2 km wide, and the craters sit at 1,495 m and 1,770 m. No marked trail or facility is recorded, so plan for unmaintained routes and changeable weather.
The lava that dammed Spanish Creek came from breached craters on the south side of the cones and averages 10 m thick; it backed water up about 10 km of the Spanish valley. Joseph Hunter's 1874 diary records the party crossing the flow before reaching its end, where the water ran eastward.
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