Nizamia observatory, Astronomical observatory in Hyderabad, India.

The Nizamia Observatory is an optical observatory in Hyderabad, India, whose instruments include a 48-inch telescope, the second largest in Asia after the 93-inch instrument at Vainu Bappu Observatory in Tamil Nadu. It also holds two 12-inch telescopes and a 10-foot radio telescope operating at 10 GHz. The 48-inch telescope was mechanically operated and was used to study comets, planetary atmospheres and near-Earth asteroids.

Established in 1908 by Nawab Zafar Yar Jung Bahadur under the patronage of the sixth Nizam, the observatory originally participated in international celestial mapping projects and contributed over 463,000 observations.

The observatory represents Hyderabad's scientific heritage during the Nizam era, symbolizing royal patronage of astronomy and the region's contribution to early 20th-century astronomical research in India.

Currently housed within the premises of the Centre for Economic and Social Studies in Punjagutta, the historic structure faces neglect though restoration initiatives are being considered by authorities.

The observatory's Carte du Ciel work was assigned sky zones by declination: 17 to 23 degrees south between 1914 and 1929, then 36 to 39 degrees north between 1928 and 1938. In all it made 463,542 observations for the international star-mapping programme.