Naqa, Archaeological complex in River Nile State, Sudan

Naqa is an ancient site with two main temples devoted to different deities, plus a standing Roman kiosk visible today. The structures sit on a plateau in the Butana region and show how Roman and African building styles met in this place.

The site developed as an important center of the ancient Kingdom of Meroe starting in the first millennium before Christ. Its location along trade routes made it a key place where different cultures could exchange goods and ideas over many generations.

At the Temple of Apedemak, the front gateway shows Natakamani and Amanitore with lions at their feet, holding prisoners whose features are unclear; scholars link them to desert clans that clashed with Kush. On the rear wall Apedemak appears with three heads and four arms, receiving offerings from the king and queen. The queens are carved with broad hips, a feature closer to African than pharaonic art.

The location is relatively remote, so plan a visit with a local guide or reliable transport. The best time to visit is during the cooler season, and bring plenty of water and sun protection.

The Roman kiosk's entrance carries a lintel with a row of sacred cobras in Egyptian style, while its sides have Corinthian columns and arched windows. Excavations suggest it was probably dedicated to Hathor, a goddess whose traits were partly absorbed by Isis.