Throne Hall of Dongola, Medieval royal monument in Old Dongola, Sudan.

The Throne Hall of Dongola is a two-storey building of mud brick, red-painted brick and sandstone, measuring 28 metres long, 18 metres wide and 12 metres high. It stands on a rocky outcrop in the eastern part of Old Dongola, overlooking the town and the Nile valley. Its upper floor held the throne hall, reached by a monumental staircase; both were decorated with wall paintings. Its design, inspired by Byzantine audience halls, points to an official, non-residential purpose.

The Throne Hall was probably built in the first half of the 9th century, during the reigns of Zacharias III and his son Georgios I, as the representative building of the Makurian kings. Mamluk invasions left it partly in ruins by the end of the 13th century, and it was repaired with modifications. On 29 May 1317 the Muslim prince Abdallah Barshambu converted it into a mosque, as a marble inscription records; he was murdered by his own followers the same year.

Locals call the building the mosque of Abdallah ibn Abi Sarh, linking it to the 7th-century Muslim commander. The staircase walls carry two layers of painted plaster showing the archangel Michael holding a spear, two warrior saints and other figures. In the central hall, the east wall depicts the Nativity of the Virgin, with Mary on a mattress and bed, the Christ child, angels and the three Magi.

The archaeological site is located in a remote area with limited facilities on-site for visitors. It is wise to plan in advance and consider hiring a local guide to help navigate the site and its surroundings.

The staircase walls carry two layers of painted plaster; the upper layer shows the archangel Michael holding a spear, two warrior saints (one on foot, one on horseback) and several unidentified figures. The central hall's east wall depicts the Nativity of the Virgin, with Mary on a mattress and bed, the Christ Child, angels and the three Magi. Termites, rainwater and bats have damaged the paintings.