Uganda

Central plateaus blanketed with rainforest dominate the landscape, while volcanic mountain ranges mark eastern and western borders with Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and South Sudan. The Albertine Rift cuts through the western region with deep valleys and numerous lakes. Savannas stretch across much of the northern territory, supporting diverse wildlife populations. Rivers including the Nile originate in this region and traverse multiple climate zones.

After decades of British administration following protectorate establishment, the country achieved independence in October 1962. Subsequent years brought political turmoil under Milton Obote and Idi Amin, whose rule during the 1970s resulted in widespread human rights violations. Since 1986, Yoweri Museveni has governed and shaped modern development through economic reforms and ongoing political changes.

More than 60 ethnic groups maintain distinct traditions and languages across the country, with English and Swahili facilitating official communication. Music and dance form integral parts of daily life, particularly during ceremonies and celebrations. Crafts such as basket weaving and pottery are passed down through generations in many communities, serving both economic and cultural purposes.

Agriculture forms the economic foundation with coffee, tea and cotton as major exports, while local farmers primarily cultivate maize and bananas. Entebbe International Airport connects the country to regional and global destinations. Dry seasons from December through February and June through August are considered optimal periods for wildlife viewing and trekking activities. Various visa options are available for tourists and can be obtained in advance or upon arrival.

The country shelters more than half of the world's remaining mountain gorillas, which inhabit Bwindi and Mgahinga national parks in the volcanic mountains. This population has grown from fewer than 300 individuals in the 1980s to over 450 today following decades of conservation efforts. Research stations document the behavior of individual family groups and contribute to understanding these endangered primates.

Inception: 1962

Capital city: Kampala

Part of: East Africa

Shares border with: Kenya, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Tanzania, Sudan, Lake Victoria

Website: http://statehouse.go.ug

GPS coordinates: 1.53336,32.21666

Latest update: November 30, 2025 18:24