Galápagos Province, Federated state province in Pacific Ocean, Ecuador
Galápagos Province is an archipelago of volcanic islands located about 1,000 km (621 miles) off the coast of South America in the Pacific Ocean. The islands straddle the equator and host an extraordinary variety of plant and animal life.
A Spanish friar reached the islands in 1535 when his vessel drifted off course. They later served as shelter zones for pirates and whalers before Ecuador formally incorporated them into its territory.
Residents of the islands live in three main settlements, each canton developing its own character. Daily life combines adaptation to isolated island living with the protection of native species visible everywhere.
Travelers need to apply for permits before arrival and follow conservation rules to preserve fragile ecosystems. Guided tours are required in most areas, as many locations have restricted access.
The waters around the islands are among the few places on Earth where tropical penguins live. Ocean currents meet here and create conditions normally found only in much colder climates.
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