El Paraíso, Archaeological site in San Martín de Porres District, Peru.
El Paraíso is a Late Preceramic monumental complex in the Chillón Valley, made up of twelve pyramids scattered over more than 58 hectares. Its layout forms a U-shape around a 7-hectare plaza. The ruins visible today consist of low walls and adjoining rectangular rooms built from tan, brown and grey stone blocks and mortar, with raised platforms, short stairways and doorway openings.
Louis Stumer surveyed the Chillón Valley in 1950 and named the site Chuquitanta after a nearby hacienda; in 1965 Fréderick Engel renamed it El Paraíso and restored Unit I, the southernmost building. Patterson and Moseley counted between nine and thirteen buildings in 1968, and the 2012 Ministry of Culture project identified twelve pyramids in all. One pyramid, in Unit X, was destroyed by construction machinery in June 2013.
The site's name comes from a nearby hacienda called Chuquitanta, which Louis Stumer adopted in 1950; Frédéric Engel replaced it with El Paraíso in 1965. The Quechua reading of chuqui (lance or metal) and tanta (bread) is often cited for the older name. In 2016 excavators recovered a desiccated 4,000-year-old San Pedro cactus, about 30 cm long, possibly linked to ritual use.
Access to the complex is regulated by the Peruvian Ministry of Culture, and visitors must obtain permission in advance. Paths cross unpaved ground, so sturdy footwear is recommended, and early morning hours offer more comfortable temperatures for walking around.
In 2016, researchers found a desiccated 4,000-year-old cactus about 30 cm long, possibly San Pedro (Echinopsis pachanoi), in excellent condition. The site also holds a U-shaped layout enclosing a 7-hectare plaza, a form that anticipates later Ceramic Period architecture in the Chillón-Rimac-Lurín valleys.
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