Eduardo Abaroa Andean Fauna National Reserve, Nature reserve in Potosí, Bolivia

Eduardo Abaroa Andean Fauna National Reserve covers 714,745 hectares in southwestern Bolivia and stretches between 4,200 and 6,000 meters of altitude across salt lakes, volcanic cones, and mineral-rich basins. The landscape shows red and green waters beside white salt expanses, with geysers and rock formations carved from eroded volcanic stone in between.

Bolivia established the reserve by Supreme Decree 11239 on 13 December 1973, naming it after Eduardo Abaroa (1838–1879), the hero of the War of the Pacific. Decrees 18313 of 14 May 1981 and 18431 of 26 June 1981 enlarged it to 714,745 hectares. Since 2009 the whole reserve forms part of the Los Lípez Ramsar site.

The reserve is named after Eduardo Abaroa (1838–1879), a Bolivian hero of the War of the Pacific. Two Quechua-speaking communities, Quetena Chico (founded in the 1920s, population 520) and Quetena Grande (population 180), live inside the reserve; their visitor centre is in Quetena Chico. Before the reserve existed, locals sold flamingo eggs, and today they farm llamas and pan for gold in the Río Quetena.

Visitors reach the area with four-wheel drive vehicles from Uyuni across the salt desert or from San Pedro de Atacama in Chile via Laguna Verde. The best time to visit is between April and November, when less rain falls and roads are easier to cross.

Three flamingo species breed here simultaneously in the mineral lagoons, including the rare James flamingo, found only in a few highland areas of the Andes. The red algae the birds feed on color both the water and the feathers of the animals.