Barra Honda National Park, Limestone cave network in Nicoya Canton, Costa Rica.

Barra Honda National Park is a protected natural area in the Nicoya region featuring dry forest vegetation and a network of limestone caves beneath a central ridge. The site includes more than 40 distinct caves of varying sizes, from easily accessible chambers to very deep formations filled with stalactites and stalagmites.

Barra Honda National Park was created on 20 August 1974 by Law No. 5558, published in La Gaceta on 3 September 1974, to protect the cave systems beneath Barra Honda Peak. The caves were rediscovered during the 1960s and 1970s; by 2005, 42 had been recorded. In March 1997 a fire devastated about five percent of the park, and CONIFOR reported that smoke, communication and transport problems and a lack of firefighting equipment hampered suppression efforts.

In the Nicoa cave, archaeologists found pre-Columbian human remains, artifacts and jewelry dated to about 300 BC. The name Barra Honda refers to the hill above the caves, and the caves were rediscovered in the 1960s and 1970s. Bat colonies still roost in the caverns.

Visitors should arrange guided tours with proper equipment, as most caves are accessible only with professional supervision. Sturdy shoes and reasonable physical fitness are necessary, especially for descending into the deeper chambers.

Santa Ana is the deepest known cave in the complex, plunging about 240 m (790 ft) into the limestone. It is noted for its numerous stalactites and columns. Of the 42 caves counted on Barra Honda Peak in 2005, only an estimated 50% of the cavern formations have been explored.