James Cant Ranch, Historic ranch in Dayville, United States.

James Cant Ranch is a pioneer ranch complex on both banks of the John Day River in Grant County, eastern Oregon. James Cant built the main house and most of the present buildings between 1915 and 1918, replacing the structures Floyd Officer raised after his 1890 homestead claim. The National Park Service bought the property in 1975 and keeps it as an interpretive site of an early 20th-century livestock ranch.

The property began as a homestead in 1890 and was purchased by Scottish immigrant James Cant in 1910. He expanded it into a major farming operation that became known throughout the region.

The Cants' hospitality made the ranch a regular overnight stop on the road between Dayville and the Columbia River; dinner could be served to twenty or more family members, ranch hands and travellers. The main house was built between 1915 and 1918, replacing most of the Officers' original buildings.

The site is managed by the National Park Service and open for visitors to walk through. The buildings and equipment are preserved to show how ranch operations functioned in that era.

Floyd Officer, who homesteaded the land in 1890, knew the Butler Basin and Sheep Rock areas well enough to guide paleontologist Thomas Condon on several fossil-hunting expeditions before selling to James Cant in 1910.