Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic

The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is an exclave of Azerbaijan between Armenia, Iran, and Turkey with mountainous landscape and deep river valleys. The highest peaks rise above 3,900 meters (12,800 feet), while fertile plains stretch along the Aras River in the south.

The territory changed hands between Persian, Ottoman, and Russian rule over centuries until it was annexed to the Russian Empire in 1828. In 1990 it declared its status as an autonomous republic during the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

The name Nakhchivan derives from an old legend claiming that Noah first stepped ashore here after the flood. Today residents use the terraced hillsides to grow mulberries and apricots, which they dry in the sun and sell at local markets.

Travelers can best explore the territory from the capital, which offers road connections east toward Azerbaijan and south across the border into Iran. The mountain regions require good preparation because of steep paths and changing weather conditions in the highlands.

The Duzdag Salt Cave sits fourteen kilometers from the capital and is used for treating respiratory conditions. Visitors spend several hours in the underground chambers, where the salt-rich air is known for its healing properties.

Inception: November 17, 1990

Capital city: Nakhchivan

Elevation above the sea: 880 m

Shares border with: Turkey, Iran, Armenia, West Azarbaijan Province

Website: http://nakhchivan.az

GPS coordinates: 39.33333,45.50000

Latest update: December 15, 2025 01:58