Karla Caves, Buddhist cave monastery in Pune district, India.
Karla Caves is a rock-cut monastery in Pune district, Maharashtra, carved into a steep hillside that rises above the surrounding countryside. The complex consists of a large prayer hall with tall vaulted ceilings, into which columns and figures have been carved directly into the stone.
The first caves were carved around the 2nd century BCE by Buddhist monks who lived along the trade routes between the coast and the interior. Later additions continued until the 5th century, with donations coming from traders and rulers in the region.
The name comes from the nearby village that still exists at the base of the hill and serves as the starting point for visitors. Local families and hikers often use the climb as a weekend outing, passing small stalls that sell refreshments along the way.
The climb to the site involves a long stone stairway that can become slippery in rain and tiring in hot weather. Comfortable shoes and water are helpful, as the path is partly steep and takes about 20 minutes.
A freestanding pillar at the entrance carries four lion figures at the top, recalling the symbol of Emperor Ashoka. It was donated by traders whose names can still be read in old inscriptions on the walls.
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