Wenchang Space Launch Site, Chinese space launch facility
The Wenchang Space Launch Site is a spaceport on Hainan Island in southern China located near Longlou town. It features two main launch complexes with Vehicle Assembly Buildings, tall launch towers with moveable arms, and water spray systems for noise reduction and fire suppression.
Plans for a spaceport on Hainan began in the 1970s but were postponed due to Cold War security concerns. Construction started in 2009 and the center officially opened in 2016 with its first CZ-7 rocket launch.
The city takes its name from the Wenchang star in Chinese astrology and mythology, reflecting local traditions. Residents speak a local dialect alongside Mandarin, giving visitors a chance to hear a different way of speaking Chinese.
The site is located about 12 miles (20 kilometers) northeast of Wenchang city and is reachable by bus from Haikou in about one hour. Foreign visitors should note that access to the launch complex is restricted to Chinese residents who can book tours, while others can view the site from nearby public areas.
The location was chosen for its proximity to the equator, which gives rockets extra speed from Earth's rotation, allowing more payload to be launched with less fuel. Large rocket components are shipped by special vessels from Qinglan port to the site, making it possible to handle larger rockets than at other Chinese launch facilities.
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