Ilo Province, Coastal province in Moquegua Department, Peru
Ilo Province stretches along the Pacific coast in southern Peru, encompassing three districts across roughly 1,380 square kilometers. The landscape features flat to gently rolling terrain shaped by an arid climate, sitting at an average elevation of about 15 meters above sea level.
The region developed as a center of copper mining in southern Peru and was officially established as a province in 1970. Mining activities shaped the area's growth and continue to be an important economic driver.
The coastal population has built its identity around fishing and maritime trade over generations. Local traditions and daily life here remain closely tied to the ocean and its resources.
The area enjoys a stable coastal climate with temperatures between 18 and 28 degrees Celsius year-round, with very little rainfall due to its desert setting. Visitors should plan for dry, sunny conditions and bring sun protection and light clothing.
In 1992, Peru granted Bolivia a 99-year lease to use port facilities here, a rare arrangement giving the landlocked nation access to the Pacific Ocean. This agreement remains one of South America's most unusual territorial arrangements.
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