Vilcabamba, Archaeological site in Peruvian Amazon, Peru.

Vilcabamba, also called Espíritu Pampa, lies near the Chontabamba River in the Echarate District of La Convención Province, Cusco Region. Its ruined stone walls, built of roughly shaped gray-brown stones and coated with moss and ferns, stand among trees and dense undergrowth. Several walls contain dark rectangular openings, and flat stone slabs lie at an angle on the ground in front of the central wall.

The site served as a refuge for Manco Inca after his retreat from Cusco in the 16th century and remained a center of resistance against Spanish conquerors for several decades. Researchers identified the location only in the 20th century after centuries of searching in the region.

The Quechua name Willkapampa means "sacred plain"; Spanish chroniclers rendered it Vilcabamba, and the ruins are now called Espíritu Pampa, "Plain of the Spirits". Local people long knew the site by that name before Gene Savoy identified it in 1964.

Reaching the place requires multi-day treks through humid jungle with river crossings and steep climbs, so trekking gear and physical fitness are necessary. Most visitors start their journey in Cusco and organize the trip through specialized agencies with experienced guides.

The place was abandoned after the fall of the last Inca ruler and was only rediscovered in the 20th century after historians searched for it for decades. Some stone blocks show knob-like protrusions found nowhere else in the Andean region.