Pumapunku, Archaeological site near Tiwanaku, Bolivia
The Pumapunku complex features massive stone blocks cut with geometric precision, creating interlocking structures without the need for mortar at 3900 meters elevation.
Built between 536 and 600 CE, this religious center belonged to the Tiwanaku civilization, which preceded the Inca Empire in the Andean region.
The name translates to 'Gate of the Puma' in both Aymara and Quechua languages, reflecting the spiritual connection between architecture and Andean beliefs.
The largest stone block at the site measures 7.81 meters in length and weighs 131 tonnes, transported from quarries near Lake Titicaca.
The stone blocks feature copper-arsenic-nickel bronze alloy cramps for securing purposes, displaying engineering techniques similar to ancient Egyptian construction methods.
Length: 116.7 m
Width: 167.36 m
Part of: Tiwanaku
GPS coordinates: -16.56139,-68.67944
Latest update: May 26, 2025 19:10
The sites display Inca architectural features in Peru, Bolivia and Argentina. The locations include terraces, temples, fortresses, burial grounds and astronomical structures. Each site contains stone masonry and demonstrates the technical skills of this pre-Columbian culture.
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