Ixtonton, Maya archaeological site in Dolores, Guatemala.
Ixtonton is a Maya site near Dolores covering roughly 6 square kilometers with structures distributed across modified hills. The grounds feature two main plazas, ballcourts, and an observatory complex that displays the astronomical knowledge of the people who built it.
The settlement served as one of four major Maya kingdoms in the upper Mopan Valley from around 400 BC to 900 AD. During this period it grew into an important center before being abandoned at the end of the Classic period, like many other Maya cities.
The site's original name was Ho'kab', "Five Lands", the name of the dynasty that ruled from Ixtonton and Ixtutz from the Late Preclassic until the late 9th century AD. A passage on Stela P at Pusilhá may record the first Ho'kab' king's accession in AD 81 at a place called Chi Cha', possibly El Mirador, Kaminaljuyú or Ichkabal. Wars with the Sacul-Ixkún alliance later forced the Ho'kab' capital to move to Ixtutz.
The site sits roughly 2 kilometers east of Dolores and requires permission from local authorities before visiting. Plan for hiking across the terrain as the structures are spread across a large area requiring time to move between them.
Ixtonton has two ballcourts, an unusual feature: only one other city on the central Dolores plateau, Ix Ak, also has two. Both are small, oriented north-south and lie in the site core; Ballcourt I measures 11 by 11 metres and Ballcourt II 20 by 5 metres, the latter built later in the Late Classic.
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