Pisba National Natural Park, Protected mountain area in Boyacá, Colombia
Pisba National Natural Park covers the eastern slopes and high peaks of the cordillera, rising from 2,000 to 3,800 meters (6,560 to 12,470 feet). The landscape includes cloud forests, open páramo grasslands, rocky ridges, and cold streams running through steep valleys.
Francisco de Paula Santander crossed the pass with his troops in 1819 to join forces with Simón Bolívar further east. The difficult march through cold and fog cost many lives but helped secure victory against Spanish forces.
Ancient footpaths crossing the high moorlands once connected indigenous communities living on both sides of the cordillera. These trails later served independence forces moving eastward during the liberation campaign.
The area is currently closed to casual visitors and only permits scientific research projects approved by the national park authority. Those interested in fieldwork should contact the park administration well in advance to discuss access conditions.
Eleven frailejón species grow here, and six of them exist nowhere else on Earth. These endemic plants thrive only at these high elevations and survive the harsh páramo conditions.
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