Turpan Museum, Archaeological museum in Gaochang District, China.

Turpan Museum occupies a crescent-shaped building on Munare Road, with a roofline that slopes from north to east. Four curved reliefs on the outer wall trace 4,000 years of Turpan history, from the Jushi period to the era of multi-ethnic development. Inside, five permanent halls cover the general history, the giant rhinoceros fossils, documents, coins and the mummies of the region.

The museum preserves artifacts spanning from the Western Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, covering roughly eight centuries of regional history. These objects largely come from excavation sites along the Silk Road in this area.

The document hall groups its finds by excavation site, from Yanghai and Astana to the Bezeklik caves, and displays texts in Chinese, Sogdian, Uyghur, Sanskrit and Tangut. Among them is a 710 copy of the Analects with Zheng Xuan's commentary, made by the 12-year-old student Bu Tianshou, who added a rhyming plea for an early holiday.

The museum stands at 1268 Muner Road in Gaochang District, next to a sightseeing tower, with the Turpan Municipal Cultural Relics Bureau and the Turpan Studies Institute in adjacent buildings. The building has three floors plus a partial basement, and its plan is crescent-shaped, with the roof sloping from north to east. Four large curved reliefs run along the outer wall from the southeast main entrance to the northwest gate, depicting 4,000 years of Turpan history.

The prosthetic leg from the Shengjindian cemetery is more than 2,500 years old, made of wood with a leather strap and a horse-hoof-shaped base. The museum also displays the skeleton of a Paraceratherium lepidum, a hornless rhinoceros about 9 metres long and 5 metres tall that lived in the late Oligocene; its bones were found in 1993 near Feiyue station during work on the Lanzhou-Xinjiang railway.