Hijaz mountains, Mountain range in western Saudi Arabia
The Hijaz Mountains run along the eastern edge of the Red Sea, forming parallel chains of varying width. Several valleys cut through the range and enable water flow from natural springs and underground channels in various wadis.
The range was mined for gold and silver in ancient times, particularly around Mahd adh-Dhahab, where extraction continued for over 2,000 years. This mountainous area also held strategic importance for early trade routes connecting different civilizations.
For thousands of years, this range has served as a crucial passage for pilgrims and trade caravans moving between regions and toward sacred destinations. The terrain has shaped how local communities settle and practice their traditions.
The range is divided into different sections, and visitors should check on local routes and accessibility since conditions vary significantly between areas. The best time to explore is during cooler months, when hiking and walking are more comfortable.
The western side of the mountains drops sharply toward the Red Sea, creating a narrow coastal plain called Tihamah where you can experience dramatic elevation changes over short distances. This striking contrast between high slopes and sea level happens within just a few kilometers.
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