Nubia, Geographic region across Nile River, Sudan
Nubia is a region stretching along the Nile from the border with Upper Egypt to central Sudan, including parts of the Red Sea coast. The landscape alternates between desert sections, fertile riverbanks and rock formations that line the waterway.
The area was home to the Kerma culture from around 2500 BC before the New Kingdom of Egypt took control. Powerful kingdoms later emerged here, including Kush, which at times even ruled over Egypt.
Nubian villages along the river display painted houses in bright colors, their walls often showing scenes from daily life and religious motifs. Visitors notice the hospitality of locals, who still practice traditional music with the lyre and rhythmic chants.
The territory divides into three main sections – Upper, Middle and Lower – each defined by its position along the river. Travelers reach this area via Aswan in the north or Wadi Halfa in the south, where transitions between desert and riverside can be abrupt.
Archaeological finds show that this area served as a trading bridge between sub-Saharan Africa and the Mediterranean world. Ancient caravan routes crossed river paths here, allowing goods like gold, ivory and incense to travel north.
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