Şanlıurfa, Provincial capital in southeastern Turkey
Şanlıurfa is a provincial capital in southeastern Turkey that spreads across a fertile plain surrounded by limestone hills. The city connects the regions of Anatolia and northern Mesopotamia through strategic mountain passes, serving as a key regional center between different geographic zones.
The settlement was founded in 303 BCE by Seleucus I Nicator and developed into an early Christian center. By the 2nd century CE, the city became home to a strong literary tradition in the Syriac language, producing texts that influenced surrounding regions.
The Balıklıgöl pool draws local families who walk the surrounding gardens and watch the carp, considered sacred in local tradition. Nearby teahouses fill with visitors in the evening, gathering under mulberry trees to share conversation and traditional drinks.
The city sits in a hot climate zone, so visiting during cooler morning or evening hours makes walking more comfortable. Many central areas are reachable on foot, and local minibuses connect different neighborhoods throughout the day.
Archaeological excavations at nearby Göbekli Tepe revealed temple structures dating back 12,000 years, making it the earliest known religious complex worldwide. The site sits just a short drive from the city and draws researchers and visitors from around the globe.
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